POTENTIAL AND IMPERATIVES FOR OUTPUT OF LIQUID BIOFUELS IN UKRAINE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56197/2786-5827/2023-2-4-4Keywords:
market, liquid biofuel, ethanol output, value added, rapeseed export, ethanol exportAbstract
Introduction. Different countries have different arguments favoring using motor biofuels in the transport sector. Still, the main idea is to reduce their dependence on fossil fuels, which are often imported. As the climate crisis unfolds, climate and environmental considerations are gaining weight in more and more countries.
The purpose of this article is to consider the potential of liquid motor biofuel production in Ukraine, as well as the driving forces that determine the need for its production in Ukraine as of 2023 and beyond.
Materials and methods. Methods of scientific analysis and generalization were used to solve the tasks. The information base of the study was made up of the works of foreign and Ukrainian scientists, databases, forecasts of the world production of grain and oilseed crops, and the current legal regulations of Ukraine.
Results and discussion. According to the Bioenergy Association of Ukraine, the potential of motor biofuel by 2050 is estimated at 5.79 million tоe. The draft of the 2030 National Renewable Energy Action Plan anticipates that the volume of energy consumption from renewables for the transport sector will reach 6.862 million tons. The NREAP2030 project predicts that in the structure of motor biofuel in the transport sector, mainly first-generation bioethanol will be consumed, a small part of biodiesel, and the production of improved bioethanol and biodiesel will gradually be established.
Ukraine has many factors that determine the possibility of producing motor biofuel: the necessity of replacing the import of petroleum products; availability of a technological and production base for the production of the biological fuel component; availability of the feedstock base, which has significantly expanded due to the impossibility of exporting grain in full; - obligations within the framework of the Energy Community and the Association Agreement between Ukraine and the EU.
Conclusions. Ukraine has good reasons for developing motor biofuel, including the need to replace imports of petroleum products, the availability of a technological and raw material base, and obligations under international agreements. Taking into account feedstock availability, Ukraine has the potential to produce biofuel using surplus grain, which can help reduce CO2 emissions and create value added in the country. Alcohol in Ukraine is affordable. Feedstock for the biological component of the fuel (corn and wheat) are also relatively affordable for bioethanol production. Ukraine is a significant exporter of rapeseed, especially to EU countries. The war in Ukraine and restrictions on Black Sea ports caused a reduction in exports, but the sector is expected to grow further. Production of its liquid biofuel is essential for Ukraine's national security, as it will reduce dependence on oil product imports. In Ukraine, there is a significant increase in the import of used vehicles from the EU, which can be a favorable factor for the biofuels market since newer cars are more compatible with biofuels.
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